From 646d3e59bc041d1fa77a9fbaaafcfe01a3c41b61 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Arpad Krejczinger <krejczinger.arpad@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 11 Oct 2025 18:24:51 +0200
Subject: [PATCH] Add comprehensive system backup scripts

Implement full system backup with Restic including:
- Docker volume exports (Gitea, Jellyfin, Nextcloud, Portainer)
- System configuration backup (/etc/)
- Package list exports (pacman explicit, all, AUR)
- Automated retention policy (7 daily, 4 weekly, 3 monthly, 1 yearly)
- Separate temporary directories for Docker and system data
---
 scripts/backup-homelab.sh     |  95 +++++++++++++++++++++++++
 scripts/backup-system-full.sh | 128 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 223 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 scripts/backup-homelab.sh
 create mode 100755 scripts/backup-system-full.sh

diff --git a/scripts/backup-homelab.sh b/scripts/backup-homelab.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..ee7beba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/backup-homelab.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+# Backup Docker volumes and system configs to NAS using Restic
+# Can be run manually or via systemd timer
+
+set -e
+
+# Configuration
+BACKUP_REPO="/mnt/nas/backups/homelab-restic"
+PASSWORD_FILE="/home/hoborg/creds/restic-password.txt"
+LOG_FILE="/var/log/homelab-backup.log"
+DOCKER_BACKUP_DIR="/tmp/docker-backup-$$"
+
+# Export password
+export RESTIC_PASSWORD_FILE="$PASSWORD_FILE"
+
+# Logging function
+log() {
+    echo "[$(date +'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')] $1" | tee -a "$LOG_FILE"
+}
+
+log "========================================"
+log "Starting Homelab Backup"
+log "========================================"
+
+# Check if repository exists
+if ! restic -r "$BACKUP_REPO" snapshots &>/dev/null; then
+    log "ERROR: Backup repository not initialized. Run backup-init.sh first."
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+# Create temporary directory for Docker volume exports
+mkdir -p "$DOCKER_BACKUP_DIR"
+log "Created temporary backup directory: $DOCKER_BACKUP_DIR"
+
+# Export Docker volumes
+log "Exporting Docker volumes..."
+
+# Gitea
+log "  - Exporting Gitea data..."
+docker run --rm -v gitea_gitea:/data -v "$DOCKER_BACKUP_DIR":/backup alpine \
+    tar czf /backup/gitea-data.tar.gz -C /data .
+
+# Jellyfin
+log "  - Exporting Jellyfin config..."
+docker run --rm -v jellyfin_jellyfin_config:/data -v "$DOCKER_BACKUP_DIR":/backup alpine \
+    tar czf /backup/jellyfin-config.tar.gz -C /data .
+
+# Nextcloud data
+log "  - Exporting Nextcloud data..."
+docker run --rm -v nextcloud_nextcloud_data:/data -v "$DOCKER_BACKUP_DIR":/backup alpine \
+    tar czf /backup/nextcloud-data.tar.gz -C /data .
+
+# Nextcloud database
+log "  - Exporting Nextcloud database..."
+docker run --rm -v nextcloud_nextcloud_db:/data -v "$DOCKER_BACKUP_DIR":/backup alpine \
+    tar czf /backup/nextcloud-db.tar.gz -C /data .
+
+# Portainer
+log "  - Exporting Portainer data..."
+docker run --rm -v portainer_data:/data -v "$DOCKER_BACKUP_DIR":/backup alpine \
+    tar czf /backup/portainer-data.tar.gz -C /data .
+
+log "✓ Docker volumes exported"
+
+# Run backup
+log "Running Restic backup..."
+restic -r "$BACKUP_REPO" backup \
+    --verbose \
+    --tag homelab-docker \
+    --tag homelab-configs \
+    /etc/nginx/sites-available/homelab \
+    /etc/systemd/system/copyparty.service \
+    /home/hoborg/.config/copyparty/ \
+    "$DOCKER_BACKUP_DIR"
+
+# Cleanup temporary files
+log "Cleaning up temporary files..."
+rm -rf "$DOCKER_BACKUP_DIR"
+
+# Prune old backups (keep: 7 daily, 4 weekly, 6 monthly, 2 yearly)
+log "Pruning old backups..."
+restic -r "$BACKUP_REPO" forget \
+    --keep-daily 7 \
+    --keep-weekly 4 \
+    --keep-monthly 6 \
+    --keep-yearly 2 \
+    --prune
+
+# Show backup stats
+log "Backup statistics:"
+restic -r "$BACKUP_REPO" stats --mode restore-size
+
+log "========================================"
+log "Backup completed successfully!"
+log "========================================"
diff --git a/scripts/backup-system-full.sh b/scripts/backup-system-full.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..0acc103
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/backup-system-full.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+# Full system backup - packages, configs, and Docker volumes
+# Can be run manually or via systemd timer
+
+set -e
+
+# Configuration
+BACKUP_REPO="/mnt/nas/backups/homelab-restic"
+PASSWORD_FILE="/home/hoborg/creds/restic-password.txt"
+LOG_FILE="/var/log/homelab-backup.log"
+DOCKER_BACKUP_DIR="/tmp/docker-backup-$$"
+SYSTEM_BACKUP_DIR="/tmp/system-backup-$$"
+
+# Export password
+export RESTIC_PASSWORD_FILE="$PASSWORD_FILE"
+
+# Logging function
+log() {
+    echo "[$(date +'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')] $1" | tee -a "$LOG_FILE"
+}
+
+log "========================================"
+log "Starting Full System Backup"
+log "========================================"
+
+# Check if repository exists
+if ! restic -r "$BACKUP_REPO" snapshots &>/dev/null; then
+    log "ERROR: Backup repository not initialized. Run backup-init.sh first."
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+# Create temporary directories
+mkdir -p "$DOCKER_BACKUP_DIR"
+mkdir -p "$SYSTEM_BACKUP_DIR"
+log "Created temporary directories"
+
+# ============================================
+# 1. Export Package Lists
+# ============================================
+log "Exporting package lists..."
+pacman -Qqe > "$SYSTEM_BACKUP_DIR/pacman-explicit.txt"  # Explicitly installed packages
+pacman -Qq > "$SYSTEM_BACKUP_DIR/pacman-all.txt"        # All installed packages
+pacman -Qqm > "$SYSTEM_BACKUP_DIR/aur-packages.txt"     # AUR/foreign packages only
+log "✓ Package lists exported ($(wc -l < $SYSTEM_BACKUP_DIR/pacman-explicit.txt) explicit, $(wc -l < $SYSTEM_BACKUP_DIR/aur-packages.txt) AUR)"
+
+# ============================================
+# 2. Export Docker Volumes
+# ============================================
+log "Exporting Docker volumes..."
+
+# Gitea
+log "  - Exporting Gitea data..."
+docker run --rm -v gitea_gitea:/data -v "$DOCKER_BACKUP_DIR":/backup alpine \
+    tar czf /backup/gitea-data.tar.gz -C /data .
+
+# Jellyfin
+log "  - Exporting Jellyfin config..."
+docker run --rm -v jellyfin_jellyfin_config:/data -v "$DOCKER_BACKUP_DIR":/backup alpine \
+    tar czf /backup/jellyfin-config.tar.gz -C /data .
+
+# Nextcloud data
+log "  - Exporting Nextcloud data..."
+docker run --rm -v nextcloud_nextcloud_data:/data -v "$DOCKER_BACKUP_DIR":/backup alpine \
+    tar czf /backup/nextcloud-data.tar.gz -C /data .
+
+# Nextcloud database
+log "  - Exporting Nextcloud database..."
+docker run --rm -v nextcloud_nextcloud_db:/data -v "$DOCKER_BACKUP_DIR":/backup alpine \
+    tar czf /backup/nextcloud-db.tar.gz -C /data .
+
+# Portainer
+log "  - Exporting Portainer data..."
+docker run --rm -v portainer_data:/data -v "$DOCKER_BACKUP_DIR":/backup alpine \
+    tar czf /backup/portainer-data.tar.gz -C /data .
+
+log "✓ Docker volumes exported"
+
+# ============================================
+# 3. Run Backup
+# ============================================
+log "Running Restic backup..."
+restic -r "$BACKUP_REPO" backup \
+    --verbose \
+    --tag full-system \
+    --exclude '/etc/shadow*' \
+    --exclude '/etc/gshadow*' \
+    --exclude '/etc/passwd-' \
+    --exclude '/etc/group-' \
+    /etc/ \
+    "$DOCKER_BACKUP_DIR" \
+    "$SYSTEM_BACKUP_DIR"
+
+# ============================================
+# 4. Cleanup
+# ============================================
+log "Cleaning up temporary files..."
+rm -rf "$DOCKER_BACKUP_DIR"
+rm -rf "$SYSTEM_BACKUP_DIR"
+
+# ============================================
+# 5. Prune Old Backups
+# ============================================
+log "Pruning old backups..."
+restic -r "$BACKUP_REPO" forget \
+    --keep-daily 7 \
+    --keep-weekly 4 \
+    --keep-monthly 3 \
+    --keep-yearly 1 \
+    --prune
+
+# ============================================
+# 6. Show Stats
+# ============================================
+log "Backup statistics:"
+restic -r "$BACKUP_REPO" stats --mode restore-size
+
+log "========================================"
+log "Full system backup completed!"
+log "========================================"
+log ""
+log "Backed up:"
+log "  - /etc/ (all system configs)"
+log "  - Docker volumes (Gitea, Jellyfin, Nextcloud, Portainer)"
+log "  - Package lists (pacman + AUR)"
+log ""
+log "To restore packages after reinstall:"
+log "  pacman -S --needed \$(cat pacman-explicit.txt)"
+log "  yay -S --needed \$(cat aur-packages.txt)"